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<title>Revolving cylinder engine</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Revolving cylinder engine</span></span>

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<p>The primary claimed benefit of the <b>revolving cylinder</b>, <a href="Axial_piston_pump" title="Axial piston pump">axial piston</a> engine is that a four-cycle, <a href="Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">reciprocating piston engine</a> can be achieved without the need for a complex and expensive <a href="Valvetrain" title="Valvetrain">valve train</a>. The intake and exhaust flows are controlled by simple ports in the <a href="Cylinder_(engine)" title="Cylinder (engine)">cylinder</a> heads. Costs are further reduced because all cylinders at each end of the engine share a common <a href="Fuel_injection" title="Fuel injection">fuel injector</a> and/or <a href="Spark_plug" title="Spark plug">spark plug</a>. Additionally, the designs are typically compact and lightweight.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div>

<p>Most revolving cylinder, axial piston <a href="Engine" title="Engine">engine</a> designs utilize a fixed, multi-lobed barrel-type <a href="Cam_(mechanism)" title="Cam (mechanism)">cam</a> and rollers on the pistons to control the reciprocating movement of the pistons.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The benefit of this approach, versus a conventional <a href="Crankshaft" title="Crankshaft">crankshaft</a>-and-<a href="Connecting_rod" title="Connecting rod">connecting-rod</a> mechanism, is that the <a href="Kinematics" title="Kinematics">kinematics</a> of the piston motion can be optimized with regards to combustion cycle efficiency.

</p><p>The primary drawback to the revolving cylinder, axial piston engine design is that rotating piston assemblies are subjected to <a href="Centrifugal_force" title="Centrifugal force">centrifugal forces</a>, which can result in significant <a href="Friction_loss" title="Friction loss">friction losses</a>. These centrifugal forces increase at the square of the <a href="Angular_velocity" title="Angular velocity">angular velocity</a>. So unless the engine is run at very low <a href="Rotational_speed" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotational speed">rotational speeds</a>, the friction losses due to centrifugal forces acting on the piston assemblies can quickly become unacceptable.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Limited_acceptance">Limited acceptance</h2></div>

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<p>To date, commercial or military acceptance of this design is limited to torpedo <a href="Propulsion" title="Propulsion">propulsion systems</a> in current use (2009) by the <a href="United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy's</a> mk 46 series and mk 48 series engines which use a derivative of the original Gould <a href="Cam_engine" title="Cam engine">swashplate engine</a> which was developed in the early 1960s for torpedo propulsion.

</p><p>Problems associated with the design of the axial piston engine include high oil consumption, high fuel consumption, low rpm limit imposed by previously discussed frictional loads, low overall <a href="Horsepower" title="Horsepower">horsepower</a>, mechanical complexity and complex <a href="Machining" title="Machining">machining</a> methods needs to allow the engine to stand up to the loads imposed on the components. Additional problems are noted in that, the design does not have a long lifespan when compared to other engine designs due to large numbers of moving parts and relative high stresses. <a href="Wear_and_tear" title="Wear and tear">Wear and tear</a> occurs at a faster rate because the engine makes more power pulses per turn of the cam than traditional engines. Lastly, due to very high initial <a href="Torque" title="Torque">torque</a> and a need for large amounts of <a href="Coolant" title="Coolant">coolant</a>, loss of oil or coolant to this design during running will almost certainly result in a catastrophic <a href="Explosion" title="Explosion">explosion</a> of the engine because the engine generally has very light casings or shields located in the area around the cams and connecting rods.

</p><p>The benefits of the design include relatively very high initial torque when compared to other engines, very compact design, able to be made to run on a variety of fuels from <a href="Gasoline" title="Gasoline">gasoline</a>, <a href="Diesel_fuel" title="Diesel fuel">diesel</a>, <a href="Kerosene" title="Kerosene">kerosene</a>, <a href="Alcohol_fuel" title="Alcohol fuel">alcohol</a>, to more exotic/energetic mixtures such as <a href="Otto_fuel_II" title="Otto fuel II">Otto Fuel</a>, hydrogen peroxide/fuel mixes.<sup id="cite_ref-Only._f782_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Only._f782-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="Cylindrical_Energy_Module" class="mw-redirect" title="Cylindrical Energy Module">Cylindrical Energy Module</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hemmings.com/stories/article/a-fresh-spin-on-engine-design">"A Fresh Spin on Engine Design"</a>. <i>www.hemmings.com</i>. American City Business Journals<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Only._f782-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Only._f782_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOnly." class="citation web cs1">Only., Name. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/uspc123/defs123.htm">"Class Definition for Class 123"</a>. <i>United States Patent and Trademark Office</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-27</span></span>.</cite></span>

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</style><div id="Heat_engines39" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Heat_engine" title="Heat engine">Heat engines</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Carnot_heat_engine" title="Carnot heat engine">Carnot engine</a></li>

<li><a href="Fluidyne_engine" title="Fluidyne engine">Fluidyne</a></li>

<li><a href="Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">Gas turbine</a></li>

<li><a href="Minto_wheel" title="Minto wheel">Minto wheel</a></li>

<li><a href="Photo-Carnot_engine" title="Photo-Carnot engine">Photo-Carnot engine</a></li>

<li><a href="Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Piston</a></li>

<li><a href="Pistonless_rotary_engine" title="Pistonless rotary engine">Pistonless (Rotary)</a></li>

<li><a href="Rijke_tube" title="Rijke tube">Rijke tube</a></li>

<li><a href="Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">Rocket</a></li>

<li><a href="Split-single_engine" title="Split-single engine">Split-single</a></li>

<li><a href="Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">Steam (reciprocating)</a></li>

<li><a href="Steam_turbine" title="Steam turbine">Steam turbine</a>

<ul><li><a href="Aeolipile" title="Aeolipile">Aeolipile</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Stirling_engine" title="Stirling engine">Stirling</a></li>

<li><a href="Thermoacoustic_heat_engine" title="Thermoacoustic heat engine">Thermoacoustic</a></li>

<li><a href="Manson_engine" title="Manson engine">Manson engine</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beale_number" title="Beale number">Beale number</a></li>

<li><a href="West_number" title="West number">West number</a></li></ul>

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<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_heat_engine_technology" title="Timeline of heat engine technology">Timeline of heat engine technology</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#F0DC82;"><div><a href="Thermodynamic_cycle" title="Thermodynamic cycle">Thermodynamic cycle</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-29" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Revolving_cylinder_engine&oldid=1303255030">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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